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Indirect experience refers to contact with images and or representations of nature: The experience of space and place uses spatial relationships to enhance well-being: This inclusion of vegetation has increased the After the disaster that struck Sandy Hook Elementary in 2012, a new school was built to help heal the community and provide a new sense of security for those occupying the space. This standard classifies the use of a biophilic environment as an imperative element in their health and happiness section. “Wild Urbanism: Deep Connections to Forest Fjord in Oslo.” Biophilic Cities: Wild Urbanism, Biophilic Cities, 1 Aug. 2012, biophiliccities.org/wild-urbanism-deep-connections-to-forest-fjord-in-oslo/. 49- 138Beatley, Tim. The word “Biophilia” was first introduced by a psychoanalyst named The term has been used since by many scientists, and philosophers overall being adapted to several different areas of study. The qualitative metric must incorporate nature (environmental elements, natural lighting, and spatial qualities), natural patterns, and nature interaction within and outside the building; these efforts must be documented through professional narrative to be considered for certification.The International Living Future Institute is the creator of the living building challenge – a rigorous building standard that aims to maximize building performance. Each of these experiences are meant to be considered individually when using biophilia in projects, as there is no one right answer for one building type. Resilient Cities: Overcoming Fossil Fuel Dependence. Some notable mentions of biophilia include While biophilia refers to the inherent need to experience and love nature, biophobia is a human's inherited fear of nature and animals.

Because of this, there has been little research that explores the long-term challenges, negatives, and even benefits of biophilia in buildings and cities.The Church of Mary Magdalene is in Jerusalem and was consecrated in 1888. As of now, the most prominent supporters of biophilic design are the WELL Building Standard and the The International WELL Building Institute uses biophilic design in their WELL Standard as a qualitative and quantitive metric.

Catherine Ryan, et al. For cities, many believe the biggest proponent of the concept is its ability to make the city more resilient to any environmental stressor it may face. This, combined with the construction of aesthetically creative architecture (Terrapin Bright Green. This church's architecture is biophilic in that it contains natural geometries, organized complexity, information richness, and organic forms (onion-shaped domes) and materials.Referred to as a “garden hospital”, KTP has an abundance of native plants and water features that surround its exterior. 2nd ed., Island Press, 2017.“Biophilia I - Qualitative.” WELL Building Standard, International WELL Building Institute, 2017, standard.wellcertified.com/mind/biophilia-i-qualitative.“Biophilia II - Quantitative.” WELL Building Standard, International WELL Building Institute, 2017, standard.wellcertified.com/mind/biophilia-ii-quantitative.The International Living Future Institute. found that elements such as nature sounds, improved mental health 37% faster than traditional urban noise after stressor exposure; the same study found that when surgery patients were exposed to aromatherapy, 45% used less morphine and 56% used fewer painkillers overall.Some argue that by adding physical natural elements, such as plants, trees, Biophilia may have slightly higher costs due to the addition of natural elements that require maintenance, higher priced On the urban scale, Timothy Beatley believes that biophilic design will allow cities to better adapt to stresses that occur from changes in climate and thus, local environments. “Living Building Challenge 3.1.” The International Living Future Institute, 2016.“City in a Garden.” City in a Garden - About Us, National Parks Board., 24 November 2016, www.nparks.gov.sg/about-us/city-in-a-garden.Beatley, Timothy.

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